Chinese Chess Xiangqi 象棋

River & Palace • Piece Moves • Flying General Rule • 60 Deep Research Topics

THE BOARD & PIECE VALUATION

📐 Xiangqi Board Layout & Piece Point Values

The Xiangqi board consists of 9 vertical files and 10 horizontal ranks (90 point intersections total), separated by the Chu River (楚河 漢界)!

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楚 河 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 漢 界

🏎️ Chariot / Rook (俥/車) - 9 Pts

Strongest attacking piece on the board. Controls entire open files and ranks.

💣 Cannon (炮/包) - 4.5 Pts

Long-range attacker. Needs a screen to capture; highly effective in early & mid game.

🐎 Horse / Knight (傌/馬) - 4 Pts

L-shaped mover. Prone to Horse Leg blocking in crowded midgames; dominates endgames.

🐘 Elephant (相/象) - 2.5 Pts

Home territory defensive shield. Cannot cross the Chu River.

🛡️ Advisor (仕/士) - 2 Pts

Palace bodyguard. Protects the General from direct Chariot and Cannon checks.

⚔️ Soldier (兵/卒) - 1 Pt (2 Pts Post-River)

Moves 1 step forward. After crossing the River, gains sideways (left/right) mobility!

INTERACTIVE MOVEMENT

🧩 Xiangqi Piece Movement & Special Rules

Click on any piece below to inspect its legal moves, movement restrictions, and capture mechanics!

General (帥 Shuài / 將 Jiàng)

Value: Infinite (King)

Moves 1 step orthogonally inside the 3x3 Palace. Cannot leave the Palace!

⚔️

Flying General Rule (飛將)

The two Generals can NEVER face each other directly in the same vertical file without any intervening pieces! Moving into direct line of sight is illegal.

60 DEEP RESEARCH TOPICS

📜 Exhaustive Xiangqi Questions, AI & Endgame Tablebases

1. Why can't Elephants (象/相) cross the River?

In Xiangqi design, Elephants represent home defensive commanders. Their 2x2 diagonal movement pattern is mathematically constrained to the 7 home points on their side of the Chu River to serve as the primary defensive shield for the Palace.

2. How does Horse Leg blocking (別馬腳 / 拐腳) work in crowded positions?

A Horse moves 1 step orthogonally then 1 step diagonally (L-shape). If any piece (friendly or enemy) occupies the point directly adjacent to the Horse in the orthogonal direction of travel, that 'Horse Leg' is blocked and the Horse cannot leap in that direction!

3. What is the Flying General (飛將) direct line-of-sight prohibition?

The two Generals can NEVER face each other directly along the same file without at least one intervening piece. Moving a piece out of the file to reveal direct line-of-sight between Generals is an ILLEGAL move.

4. What is the Asian Xiangqi Federation Perpetual Check (長將) ban?

Perpetually checking an enemy General for more than 3 consecutive turns is STRICTLY FORBIDDEN. The checking player must change their move or lose the game by forfeiture!

5. What is the Perpetual Chase (長捉) ban?

Perpetually attacking/chasing an unprotected enemy piece (except Generals or Soldiers) for more than 3 turns is forbidden. The attacker must break the chase.

6. How does Stalemate (困斃 Kùnbì) result in an immediate WIN?

In Western Chess, stalemating your opponent results in a Draw. In Xiangqi, if a player has no legal moves on their turn, they are **Stalemated (困斃)** and IMMEDIATELY LOSE THE GAME!

31. What is the Pikafish NNUE Xiangqi Computer Engine?

**Pikafish** is a state-of-the-art open-source Xiangqi engine based on Stockfish, utilizing Efficiently Updatable Neural Networks (NNUE) to achieve ELO ratings over 3800, easily defeating human Grandmasters!

32. How do 7-Piece Xiangqi Endgame Tablebases (EGBB) work?

Endgame Tablebases pre-calculate all possible positions containing 7 or fewer total pieces on the board, providing 100% mathematical win/draw solution paths for endgames like Single Chariot vs Dual Advisors & Single Elephant.

OPENINGS & CHECKMATES

⚡ Classic Openings & 10 Signature Checkmate Patterns

Central Cannon (中炮 炮二平五)

Moving the right Cannon to the central 5th file on move 1. An aggressive opening that puts immediate pressure on the Black central pawn file.

Screen Horse Defense (屏風馬 馬8進7)

Developing both Horses to the 3rd and 7th files to form a tight defensive shield protecting the central pawn against Central Cannon attacks.

Horse-Behind-Cannon Checkmate (馬後炮)

A classic dual-piece checkmate combination where a Cannon uses a friendly Horse as a screen to deliver an inescapable checkmate against the enemy General!

Iron Bolt Checkmate (鐵門閂)

Using a Chariot backed by a central Cannon to pin the enemy General inside the Palace while an attacking piece delivers the finishing blow.

Double Cannon Checkmate (重炮)

Lining up both Cannons on the same file, using the front Cannon as the screen for the back Cannon to deliver checkmate.

Double Chariot Checkmate (雙車錯)

Coordinating both Chariots along adjacent files or ranks to alternative-check the enemy General until checkmate is reached!